The Documentary Fed Up Essay - 1224 Words

1. Long ago, the ancestors of humans lived in unpredictable times in which meals were not guaranteed. Now in the 21st century, data suggests, as mentioned in Fed Up, that there will be more deaths caused directly or indirectly by obesity than by starvation. The documentary Fed Up focuses on the terrifying issue that plagues the United States and the world: obesity. It delves into the components that contribute to this menacing epidemic that only continues to get worse. The documentary builds on the stories of four young American children from all over the country that are severely obese. One of the kids, at 14 years of age, weighs over 400 pounds. Fed Up tries to answer one simple question with a complex and scary answer. How did the world get here? There are several different issues the documentary tried to address to answer this question. In the documentary, several misconceptions about food were dissected. In addition to debunking myths about food, the documentary discussed how it is possible to eat healthy for less money than eating unhealthy. Those were a few of the aspects that can have an impact on individuals, but the documentary did not stop there. It also attacked the huge food industry for their misleading advertisements and selling techniques, as well as condemning their focus of selling to younger people. Furthermore, the documentary explained how the food industry is so rich and powerful in the country’s capital that it has thwarted the many attempts in tryingShow MoreRelatedFed Up And Forks Over Knives1639 Words   |  7 PagesJorge Camacho Professor Marshall English 116-601 3 November 2015 Fed Up v. Forks over Knives For the previous couple decades, Americans have been misled by the government and health professionals, who were implementing inaccurate dietary standards that led to the promotion of certain items as â€Å"healthy†, has actually resulted in a nationwide obesity epidemic of vast proportions. This unprecedented surge in obesity has affected everybody from children in elementary schools, to retired seniors, andRead MoreFilm Analysis Of Forks Over Knives1572 Words   |  7 PagesForks Over Knives is a documentary dedicated to spreading knowledge of the effectiveness of a whole-foods, plant-based diet. It was directed by Lee Fulkerson, produced by John Corry, and distributed by Virgil Films and Entertainment. The documentary was released May 6, 2011, a time ridden with diabetes and heart disease. America in 2010 had seen over 20 million cases of diabetes. Over 600,000 people died of heart disease. America was in crisis mode – desperate for a solution to keep residents hea lthyRead MoreThe Food Industry Is Driven By Profit And Big Business1257 Words   |  6 Pagesthe vast majority of the products we consume and purchase provide little to no health benefits. Why? Is it because the food industry is driven by profit and big business, instead of the health and welfare of its customers. According to the documentary Fed Up, the food industry has the control and refuses to take responsibility that the products they produce are the reason behind this alarming rise in obesity (Soechtig, 2014). As a direct result, childhood obesity is at an all-time high. One thirdRead MoreSecrets and Horrors in the Documentary Food Inc.959 Words   |  4 PagesIn the documentary, Food Inc., we get an inside look at the secrets and horrors of the food industry. The director, Robert Kenner, argues that most Americans have no idea where their food comes from or what happens to it before they put it in their bodies. To him, this is a major issue and a great danger to society a s a whole. One of the conclusions of this documentary is that we should not blindly trust the food companies, and we should ultimately be more concerned with what we are eating and feedingRead MoreFood Inc Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagesan essential part of our lives. We consume it every day and absolutely need it to live and thrive successfully. With something so significant to us, why should we risk the source of where our food comes from? Robert Kenner created a powerhouse documentary film called Food Inc. that gives an accurate description of the horrible realities of corporate farming by providing evidence of the harm affecting both humans and animals. Robert Kenner is a film director and producer. Kenner claims that today;Read MoreObesity Epidemic : Fed Up, By Stephanie Soechtig994 Words   |  4 Pages Obesity Epidemic Thousands of children around America are increasingly joining the obesity epidemic and are struggling to get out of it. In the documentary, Fed Up, by Stephanie Soechtig, she creates a documentary that targets young teenagers and parents to uncover the truth of the epidemic and reveal how the food industry is hurting the children s diet by making them become addicted to sugar. It explains how it is beyond people s willpower and exercise alone that solves the epidemic, ratherRead MoreThe Cultural Industry : Enlightenment As Mass Deception944 Words   |  4 Pagesdeception, Theodore Adorno and Max Horkheimer are examining how we are presented movies and different mass media outlets. Also discussed is how life is now indistinguishable from movies; the same can also be said with reality TV and how audiences are fed the simple idea of †reality.† (3) Reality TV has become one of the top ways audiences consume information that is not necessarily true, but instead produced for views. A large part of the study is Adorno and Horkheimer compare this to a false personalRead MoreFood Inc.1155 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Food Inc. The documentary Food inc. by Robert Kenner is a documentary about the food industry and some of the issues that have emerged with the modernization of said food industry. Robert Kenner presents his arguments in sorts of subtitle such as â€Å"The dollar menu†, and â€Å"The cornucopia† to help identify his main points. Robert Kenner also brings in some experts such as Michael Pollen and Barbara Kowalcyk, into his documentary to bring some credibility to his argument, as well as adding specificRead MoreRole Of Government Agencies During The Food Manufacturing By The Small Scale Farmers1059 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher Carney English 1301 July 22, 2015 Roles of Government Agencies in the food Manufacturing by the Small scale farmers: Food is needed by our body to develop, repair body tissue, cells to produce energy for day to day activities. Food is made up of vital supplements that body needed in adequate quantities. Micronutrient such as minerals and vitamins are needed in small quantities. Macronutrients such as carbohydrates, fat and protein are required in large amount. The United States DepartmentRead MoreThe Obesity Pandemic Occurring Across The World1090 Words   |  5 Pagesconsuming the proper amount of calories to energy expenditure. Conversely, the quality of the calories consumed drastically alters the end result. For example, consuming excess sugar with limited fiber leads to the creation of fat. The directors of Fed Up raise awareness to the many other issues producing an extreme weight gain among the population. Approximately fifty years ago tobacco companies started participating in lobbying to disguise the harmful affects of their product; food corporations

Albert David pharmaceuticals (BD) Ltd - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1700 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? Albert David pharmaceuticals (BD) Ltd Albert David was established in 1848 by a British business man Albert Juda. The company was named after Albert Judaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s son Albert David. Albert David was a renowned pharmaceutical company of that time. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Albert David pharmaceuticals (BD) Ltd" essay for you Create order In 1865 Albert Juda sold the company to a Pakistani business man Akbar Ali and he operated the company for many years from then. After the liberation war in 1971, the Government of Bangladesh took over the company and pledged it under the management of Bangladesh Chemical Industry Corporation (BCIC). Government disinvested the company to the private sector in 1985 and sold it to Mr. Shofi Ahmed Chowdhury. Since then the company Albert David is located in the Tejgoan industrial area and is successfully operated under the direction of Mr. Shofi Ahmed Chowdhury. Introduction of the conflict situation On 12th December 2009, at last the workers of Albert David created a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“charted of demandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  where they consistently insisted on raising the following issues from the year before: 10% raise of the basic pay, medical allowance raise of 5%, house rent allowance of 5% and on the other hand 100% of gross wages as bonus in both festivals of Eid. They also sent a fo rmal letter to the apex body of the organization in 2008 and also in 2009. However, the management kept on delaying and avoiding the meeting from the beginning showing various reasons. This discouraged the workforce from every aspect. However, on 15th December 2009, the workforce decided to go on a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“go-slowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  on production. Later on 19th December, the management of Albert David agreed to hold a meeting regarding the issues with the elected representatives (Collective Bargaining Agent) of the workers. In the meeting the management strongly refused to accept the demands referring that the profitability of the company has decreased to a great extent as the raw material rate went much higher in the international market and there are a lot of other reasons too. So if the demands of the workers are accepted then the company shall not be able to maintain the production level and will incur lose. However, the meeting failed to achieve the demands of t he workers which agitated the workforce to a great extent. On 21st December, the whole workforce decided to stop the production and go on a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“sit-down strikeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  inside the factory premises. After a straight three days of prolonged strikes, Albert Davidà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s apex body and management was forced to go on a negotiation meeting again with the CBA, where an agreed settlement was reached in favors of both parties at the end. Details of the collision that aroused in between: The management was very reluctant from the beginning to accept the demands. As the management consistently came up with excuses that the market has become very competitive that the demand is declining which is affecting the profitability to a great extent and hence, at this crucial situation it is impossible for the company to accept the demands at any case. But on the contrary, the CBA was still rigidly holding on to their demands and later urged the company to expa nd the factory by buying new machineries using retain profit or by taking loans. This will enhance the profitability level. Henceforth, fulfilling the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Chartered of demandsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in every few years wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be a hard issue for the company. In addition, the CBA referred that if other similar pharmaceutical companies can run smoothly by keeping their workforces happy than Albert David should do the same. However, the management yet rejected to go on any further negotiations showing their terms to the CBA. This left no choice for the CBA to let the agitated workforce to go on a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“sit-down strikeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in the factory premises from 21st of December. All these collision forced the management to verify all the issues concerning the importance of these demands as well the current profitability of the company. Later on 24th of December 2009, the management along with the apex body of the company agreed to call a negotiation meet ing with the CBA where they granted a mutual settlement through negotiation. Collective bargaining is a mechanism of negotiation whereby employers and employeesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ representatives negotiate agreements regarding wages, working hours, overtime, health and safety and other working conditions in related to the employment of the employees/workforce. However, all these negotiations with the employers are presented via elected representatives (CBA) among the employees who belong to a trade union or different trade unions in the organization. This mechanism allows the employers and employees to retain a good relationship and helps resolve and prevents arising any disputes in the organization. There are five basic steps in collective bargaining: Prepare: To prepare is to develop a negotiation team, consisting of members from both parties with abilities to do so. As such, representatives from both sides now work on understanding the need and specifics for the negot iation, laying in mind company parameters such as operations, working conditions, production orders, and others similar counts. In this case the trade union representative CBA and company management of Albert David met to lay this preparation. The management carried out details on how the market has become competitive and the cost of raw materials increased- to attain bargaining power over CBA. On similar count, CBA also brought in preparations on chartered of ongoing demands to counteract the managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s observations. Discuss: Rules to regulate the negotiation process is laid in discussion between both parties. It is also maintained that this discussion takes place at an unbiased place. Exhibition of mutual respect and trust is also contained at this stage so that a collective bargained agreement is reached. In this case both parties attended this discussion at Hotel Sarina conference hall, as this place was a neutral and unbiased location to the ongoing dispute. Propose: At this point both parties try to venture out the issue and ways to resolve the same. Opening statements are put and exchanges of messages take place to cultivate opinions of both parties. In this case, CBA proposed the following ideas to resolution: 10% raise of basic payment 5% raise of medical allowance a year 100% gross wages as bonuses on both Eids 5% raise of house rent allowance CBAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s proposal was on the basis of how the yearly economic inflation increases the cost of living standards. Considering all the cost increase- their proposal was on increasing the gross Eid bonuses to 100% each time of the both festivals, while at present they had bonus of 50% gross wage on each festival. The increase in basic payment, along with medical allowance and house rent allowance increase-also reflected the inflation in economy each year. On the other hand, the management of the company stated how the production cost for the company has gone up with the increase rate of raw material in the international market. Also the local market has become very competitive and demands for their products are on the fall. CBAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s proposal if considered as of now, the company will have to incur loss on all grounds. Bargain: At this point the agreement is drafted, with ideas of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"what ifsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and with a proper problem solvin g attitude being kept, these ideas are addressed. In this case, CBA initiated to obtain a 10% increase of wages, while management of the company bargained to place a 2% increase. This being too less than the proposed rate, CBA stated a rate of 6% increase- countering which management placed a 4% increase. This rate was agreed upon by both parties. The idea presented by CBA was based on how their demands were economic in nature, and cannot stand in isolation without due attention from the authority and without due effective solution. Considering this bargain is how the management agreed to the rate increases. Also increased were the house rent and medical according to what the management decided, 2% each, which was only accepted by CBA on ground that the festivals bonuses on each Eid will have to do at a 100% wage each. This was in accord. Settlement: After the bargaining process, both parties agree to the common decisions made regarding the issues. Mutual implementations of the agreed terms are now to be tied in a written agreement. The negotiated changes, planning of the same and the shared visions are all to be incorporated in the agreement. In this case, the final negotiation was reached through this process and agreed minutes were submitted, which closed the negotiation. Both parties kept their interests and workers were secured to their full confidence on the company. Workersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ issues were met after 2 years of demand; a new found level of trust was established and workersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ efficient involvement gained. Recommendations: This individual dispute was resolved with little complicacy but this situation of conflict wouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t arise if the management of Albert David didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t avoid the situation from the beginning and gave due attention. So, I would like to strongly suggest the management of Albert David to keep the workers happy and motivated by giving incentives each year accordi ng to their performance and increase their allowances wages in every few years. Simultaneously if the management of Albert David has such frame of mind it would allow them to maintain the reputation of the company and to keep up with the trend of the market. These techniques of the management will give the workforce a good motivation to work efficiently and achieve rewards, thus restraining themselves from involving in any mutiny or conflict situations. Secondly, I would also like to suggest the management of Albert David to go for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“partner based relationshipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  with the CBA, where both the parties will come together to work towards their mutual goals. This relationship will help the management to always communicate keep the CBA up to date about the current good/bad situation of the profitability level of the company and also will allow the CBA to discuss their needs and wishes with the management Conclusion: From the above analysis it is unders tood that every organizations should give due attention to the issues on the right time before any further conflict arises. Also should maintain a smooth and transparent relation with the workforce to totally avoid such conflicts. References: Pippa relly pg: 130 to133 https://www.naukrihub.com/industrialrelations/process.html

Are College Athletes Being Used - 979 Words

Andrew Comer Miss Randall English 9 April 14, 2016 Are College Athletes Being Used? Imagine that you are a full-time college athlete; your daily routine would entail an early wake up and a practice. After your morning practice, you have to go your classes for the day. Then, since you are crunched for time and do not have much time in the class room while on the road, you have a tutoring session. Lastly, you have another practice and a weight lifting session that could end at 10 o’clock or later at times. Players also have to work hard on their own time to keep their spot in the lineup. Athletes follow this schedule the whole year. With all of an athletes’ time being put toward their sports and studies, they do not have time to hold even a†¦show more content†¦I know many athletes that play at the college level and do not have enough time to have a job and cannot pay for food at times. College athletes should be getting paid because scholarships do not give an athlete money to be able to eat. College athletes should be paid because scholarships do not provide them with any spending money that they should be earning. Scholarships do not take care of any expenses that are essential, and athletes do not have time to work to pay off their growing debt. The great debt would gather from every day expenses over the athletes’ four years of college. The amount of pay they would receive would just be enough for them to go out and eat at times and have food for their dorms. They are serious athletes and eat and drink a large amount. What are they supposed to do if they can’t pay for this? Paying college players would benefit the university along with the athlete. Paying college athletes would prevent the gifts† given that players often receive to attend a college that is bribing them to go there. This would be greatly appreciate by the university because they would not be labeled a â€Å"bad college† and would not be suspended from major tournaments and/or events. For example, if colleges were to pay a basketball player, the college could get suspended from the NCAA tournament, which will cause the college to lose money they would have gotten for participating in the tournament. Paying college athletes could also bring up the idea

Joseph Hellers Catch 22 Essay - 1098 Words

Catch 22 Comparison Paper Catch 22 by Joseph Heller is a complex and intricate novel. Heller uses many themes, does not have the story line in chronological order and often uses irony in his descriptions. Many of the themes can be compared to other literature. One of the themes that can be compared is fear in war. The idea is that the evils and cruelty of war can make a grown man go back into a fetal state. This can be seen in The Ball Turret Gunner by Randall Jarrell and can be compared to the metaphor used in chapter five of Catch 22. In this chapter Yossarian talks about the tight crawl space which led to the plexiglass bombardier’s compartment. This can be looked at as the passageway to fear. Every time Yossarian climbs down†¦show more content†¦When he went to tell ex-PFC Wintergreen his theory though, he was pushed away. It was if he didn’t care to think about the situation. This shows the lack of respect for another human life. This can also be seen in SlaughterHouse V. One of the things Billy thinks about is the value of human life. The question he asks is how can God not value the life of people and let them be slaughtered. What he was referring too was the concentration camps that he was in and saw people die at and the bombing of Dresden where many people lost their lives. Billy Pilgrim felt that if God loved his people that he wouldn’t allow this to happen. So therefore there would be no God because the God that people have learned about, loves everyone and would certainly not allow harm to anyone. This definitely takes aim at religion and basically sees how much faith a person might have in G od despite the evil he sees around him. Another take on it is that why does God want people to be miserable. This is seen by Doc Daneeka constantly asking Why Me. She talks about Hungry Joe and how Yossarian is constantly worries about Hungry Joe. She starts out by sarcastically saying that she has no stress. She says that she knows there is a war and there are people suffering. She can’t figure out why she has to be one of them. Another theme and imagery used in Catch 22 is the prisonShow MoreRelated Literary Analysis of Joseph Hellers Catch 22 Essay1774 Words   |  8 PagesLiterary Analysis of Joseph Hellers Catch 22 Laughing in the face of war and death, literally, is one of the things that make the novel Catch-22 by Joseph Heller such an intriguing and original story. It was written in 1961, a time when, due to the fighting of the Second World War, all war novels were written with a dark and dreary tone, while still trying to continue the pre-conceived romantic notions about war. However, Joseph Heller strips away all of the romantic pretense, and pulling heavilyRead MoreSatire in Joseph Hellers Novel, Catch 22935 Words   |  4 PagesSatire in Catch 22 What the heck was Heller up to? That is a simple, yet daunting question. In the 1961 novel Catch 22 Joseph Heller was poking fun at not only the United States Army but the entire human race. He often would point out how there was a lot of disorientation in the army and how nine out of ten times no one would know what was going on. Heller uses copious amounts of satire to tell his story and explain the bewilderment. He uses a lot of comic allusions to make peoples names meanRead MoreEssay Joseph Hellers Catch 22 and World War II1044 Words   |  5 Pagescreated a system for the public to follow, and if the individual opposed, he was oppressed. This kind of mentality is presented in the novel, Catch-22 (1955). Joseph Heller uses the insane situations of the setting and his characters to show a unique perspective on World War II. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A small Army Air Corps base serves as the setting for Catch-22. It is set on a fictitious island called Pianosa. The island is described as very small and is located in the Mediterranean Sea, off theRead More Use of Symbolism in Joseph Hellers Catch-22 Essay example1770 Words   |  8 PagesUse of Symbolism in Joseph Hellers Catch-22 The clerk sneezed three times in rapid succession and looked at me through watery eyes. What did you say your name was? I told him my name and he turned to a towering file cabinet overflowing with papers and brown manila envelopes. After sneezing three times and searching through a drawer, he pulled out a thin folder and laid it on the counter. Ah, he said in a nasal voice laden with condescension and impatience. I see you have no experienceRead MoreEssay about Anti-War Elements in Joseph Heller’s Catch-221153 Words   |  5 PagesCritics often refer to Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 as an anti-war novel. At its core, the novel has a disparaging view of war. The main character, John Yossarian, believes that war is madness. He is astounded that men lay down their lives for vague concepts such as country, patriotism, and honor. However, unlike the typical anti-war novel, Catch-22 doesn’t focus on the most dismal aspects of war; Heller masterfully crafts an effective satirical style of addressing war. Corruption, confusion, andRead MorePat Barkers Regeneration, Wilfred Owens Poetry and Joseph Hellers Catch-223081 Words   |  13 Pageswar on soldiers and civilians in Pat Barkers Regeneration and Wilfred Owens poetry. In the course of your writing show how your ideas have been illuminated by your response to Joseph Hellers Catch-22 and other readings of both core texts. Pat Barkers Regeneration, Wilfred Owens poetry and Joseph Hellers Catch-22 can all be categorised as subjective war texts  as the main structural principle is not dominated by characters actions, but rather, this is  subordinated  by the moral and psychologicalRead MoreTo What Extent is Marxist Criticism Helpful in Opening Up Potential Meanings in CATCH 22?1492 Words   |  6 PagesA Marxist reading enables the critic to see Catch 22, by Joseph Heller, as not simply an anti-war novel but a satirical representation of the absurdity of American bureaucracy and capitalism, and thus shows the extent to which the situation at the time was of concern to Heller. The novel takes place in Italy during World War II and the novel follows Yossarian who is a part of an air squadron yet Heller confirms that â€Å"The elements that inspired the ideas came to me from the civilian situation inRead More Irony in Catch 22 by Joseph Heller Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesIrony in Catch-22 by Jo seph Heller      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to The Merriam - Webster Dictionary Irony is 1.) the use of words to express the opposite of what one really means 2.) incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected result (380) In Catch-22 the type of irony that Heller uses is the second definition incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected results (Merriam - Webster Dictionary 380). For example in Catch-22 Heller writesRead More Essay on Satire, Sarcasm, and Irony in Catch-22 by Joseph Heller684 Words   |  3 PagesSatire, Sarcasm, and Irony in Catch-22  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Joseph Hellers narration, dialogue, and characterization in Catch-22 all create a unique perspective of war and our societys bureaucracy. The satire, sarcasm, irony, and general absurdity of the novel provide a view of the irrationality of mans behavior. The horror that is portrayed in Catch-22 is intensified by the humorous way in which it is portrayed. Distortion and exaggeration highlight the characters and scenario while magnifying the confusionRead MoreCatch-22: â€Å"The Last Good War† in All Its Absurdity1000 Words   |  4 PagesCatch-22: â€Å"The Last Good War† in All Its Absurdity Published in 1961, Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 is a satire of war with a twist. Heller wrote his narrative nonlinearly. Although certain critics described the novel as â€Å"disorganized, unreadable and crass†, the mismatched chronology complements Heller’s style of writing and draws the reader’s interest. One key point of Catch-22, the catch-22 paradox, makes use of the nonlinear structure to encircle the reader in the contradictions. In addition, Heller’s

The Witch by Edilberto K. Tiempo Free Essays

string(100) " saw the balete tree across the creek from Minggay’s hut, I could hardly see the trail before me\." The Witch By Edilberto K. Tiempo When I was twelve years old, I used to go to Libas, about nine kilometers from the town, to visit my favorite uncle, Tio Sabelo, the head teacher of the barrio school there. I like going to Libas because of the many things to eat at my uncle’s house: cane sugar syrup, candied meat of young coconut, corn and rice cakes, ripe jackfruit, guavas from trees growing wild on a hill not far from Tio Sabelo’s house. We will write a custom essay sample on The Witch by Edilberto K. Tiempo or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was through these visits that I heard many strange stories about Minggay Awok. Awok is the word for witch in southern Leyte. Minggay was known as a witch even beyond Libas, in five outlying sitios, and considering that not uncommonly a man’s nearest neighbor was two or three hills away, her notoriety was wide. Minggay lived in a small, low hut as the back of the creek separating the barrios of Libas and Sinit-an. It squatted like a soaked hen on a steep incline and below it, six or seven meters away, two trails forked, one going to Libas and the other to Mahangin, a mountain sitio. The hut leaned dangerously to the side where the creek water ate away large chunks of earth during the rainy season. It had two small openings, a small door through which Minggay probably had to stoop to pass, and a window about two feet square facing the creek. The window was screened by a frayed jute sacking which fluttered eerily even in the daytime. What she had in the hut nobody seemed to know definitely. One daring fellow who boasted of having gone inside it when Minggay was out in her clearing on a hill nearby said he had seen dirty stoppered bottles hanging from the bamboo slats of the cogon thatch. Some of the bottles contained scorpions, centipedes, beetles, bumble bees, and other insects; others were filled with ash-colored powder and dark liquids. These bottles contained the paraphernalia of her witchcraft. Two or three small bottles she always had with her hanging on her waistband with a bunch of iron keys, whether she went to her clearing or to the creek to catch shrimps or gather fresh-water shells, or even when she slept. It was said that those who had done her wrong never escaped her vengeance, in the form of festering carbuncles, chronic fevers that caused withering of the skin, or a certain disease of the nose that eventually ate the nose out. Using an incantation known only to her, Minggay would take out one insect from a bottle, soak it in colored liquid or roll it in powder, and with a curse let it go to the body of her victim; the insect might be removed and the disease cured only rarely through intricate rituals of an expensive tambalan. Thus Minggay was feared in Libas and the surrounding barrios. There had been attempts to murder her, but in some mysterious way she always came out unscathed. A man set fire to her hut one night, thinking to burn her with it. The hut quickly burned down, but Minggay was unharmed. On another occasion a man openly declared that he had killed her, showing the blood-stained bolo with which he had stabbed her; a week later she was seen hobbling to her clearing. This man believed Minggay was the cause of the rash that his only child had been carrying for over a year. One day, so the story went, meeting his wife, Minggay asked to hold her child. She didn’t want to offend Minggay. As the witch gave the child back she said, â€Å"He has a very smooth skin. † A few days later the boy had skin eruptions all over his body that never left him. Minggay’s only companions were a lean, barren sow and a few chickens, all of them charcoal black. The sow and the chickens were allowed to wander in the fields, and even if the sow dug up sweet potatoes and the chickens pecked rice or corn grain drying in the sun, they were not driven away by the neighbors because they were afraid to arouse Minggay’s wrath. Besides the sow and the chickens, Minggay was known to have a wakwak and a sigbin. Those who claimed to have seen the sigbin described it as a queer animal resembling a kangaroo: the forelegs were shorter than the hind ones: its fanlike ears made a flapping sound when it walked. The wakwak was a nocturnal bird, as big and black as a crow. It gave out raucous cries when a person in the neighborhood had just died. The bird was supposed to be Minggay’s messenger, and the sigbin caried her to the grave; then the witch dug up the corpse and feasted on it. The times when I passed by the hut and saw her lean sow and her black chickens, I wondered if they transformed themselves into fantastic creatures at night. Even in the daytime I dreaded the possibility of meeting her; she might accost me on the trail near her hut, say something about my face or any part of it, and then I might live the rest of my life with a harelip, a sunken nose, or crossed eyes. But I never saw Minggay in her house or near the premises. There were times when I thought she was only a legend, a name to frighten children from doing mischief. But then I almost always saw her sow digging banana roots or wallowing near the trail and the black chickens scratching for worms or pecking grains in her yard, and the witch became very real indeed. Once I was told to go to Libas with a bottle of medicine for Tio Sabelo’s sick wife. I started from the town at half past five and by the time I saw the balete tree across the creek from Minggay’s hut, I could hardly see the trail before me. You read "The Witch by Edilberto K. Tiempo" in category "Essay examples" The balete was called Minggay’s tree, for she was known to sit on one of the numerous twisting vines that formed its grotesque trunk to wait for a belated passer-by. The balete was a towering monstrous shadow; a firefly that flitted among the vines was an evil eye plucked out searching for its socket. I wanted to run back, but the medicine had to get to Tio Sabelo’s wife that night. I wanted to push through the thick underbrush to the dry part of the creek to avoid the balete, but I was afraid of snakes. I had discarded the idea of a coconut frond torch because the light would catch the attention of the witch, and when she saw it was only a little boy†¦ Steeling myself I tried to whistle as I passed in the shadow of the balete, its overhanging vines like hairy arms ready to hoist and strangle me among the branches. Emerging into the stony bed of the creek, I saw Minggay’s hut. The screen in the window waved in the faint light of the room and I thought I saw the witch peering behind it. As I started going up the trail by the hut, each moving clump and shadow was a crouching old woman. I had heard stories of Minggay’s attempts to waylay travelers in the dark and suck their blood. Closing my eyes twenty yards from the hut of the witch, I ran up the hill. A few meters past the hut I stumbled on a low stump. I got up at once and ran again. When I reached Tio Sabelo’s house I was very tired and badly shaken. Somehow after the terror of the balete and the hut of the witch had lessened, although I always had the goose flesh whenever I passed by them after dusk. One moonlight night going home to town I heard a splashing of the water below Minggay’s house. I thought the sound was made by the witch, for she was seen to bathe on moonlit nights in the creek, her loose hair falling on her face. It was not Minggay I saw. It was a huge animal. I was about to run thinking it was the sigbin of the witch, but when I looked at it again, I saw that it was a carabao wallowing in the creek. One morning I thought of bringing home shrimps to my mother, and so I went to a creek a hundred yards from Tio Sabelo’s house. I had with me my cousin’s pana, made of a long steel rod pointed at one end and cleft at the other and shot through the hollow of a bamboo joint the size of a finger by means of a rubber band attached to one end of the joint. After wading for two hours in the creek which meandered around bamboo groves and banban and ipil clumps with only three small shrimps strung on a coconut midrib dangling from my belt, I came upon an old woman taking a bath in the shade of a catmon tree. A brown tapis was wound around her to three fingers width above her thin chest. The bank of her left was a foot-wide ledge of unbroken boulder on which she had set a wooden basin half full of wet but still unwashed clothes. In front of her was a submerged stone pile topped by a platter size rock; on it were a heap of shredded coconut meat, a small discolored tin basin, a few lemon rinds, and bits of pounded gogo bark. The woman was soaking her sparse gray hair with the gogo suds. She must have seen me coming because she did not look surprised. Seeing the three small shrimps hanging at my side she said, â€Å"You have a poor catch. † She looked kind. She was probably as old as my grandmother; smaller, for this old woman was two or three inches below five feet. Her eyes looked surprisingly young, but her mouth, just a thin line above the little chin, seemed to have tasted many bitter years. â€Å"Why don’t you bait them out of their hiding? Take some of this. † She gave me a handful of shredded coconut meat whose milk she had squeezed out and with the gogo suds used on her hair. She exuded a sweet wood fragrance of gogo bark and the rind of lemons. â€Å"Beyond the first bend,† she said pointing, â€Å"the water is still. Scatter the shreds there. That’s where I get my shrimps. You will see some traps. If you find shrimps in them they are yours. † I mumbled my thanks and waded to the bend she had indicated. That part of the creek was like a small lake. One bank was lined by huge boulders showing long, deep fissures where the roots of gnarled dapdap trees had penetrated. The other bank was sandy, with bamboo and catmon trees leaning over, their roots sticking out in the water. There was good shade and the air had a twilight chilliness. The water was shallow except on the rocky side, which was deep and murky. I scattered the coconut shreds around, and not long after they had settled down shrimps crawled from boles under the bamboo and catmon roots and from crevices of the boulders. It did not take me an hour to catch a midribful, some hairy with age, some heavy with eggs, moulters, dark magus, leaf-green shrimps, speckled. I saw three traps of woven bamboo strips, round-bellied and about two feet long, two hidden behind a catmon root. I did not disturb them because I had enough shrimps for myself. â€Å"No, no, iti. Your mother will need them. You don’t have enough. Besides I have freshwater crabs at home. † She looked up at me with her strange young eyes and asked, â€Å"Do you still have a mother? † I told her I had, and a grandmother, too. â€Å"You are not from Libas, I think. This is the first time I have seen you. † I said I was from the town and my uncle was the head teacher of the Libas barrio school. â€Å"You remind me of my son when he was your age. He had bright eyes like you, and his voice was soft like yours. I think you are a good boy. † â€Å"Where is your son now? † â€Å"I have not heard from him since he left. He went away when he was seventeen. He left in anger, because I didn’t want him to marry so young. I don’t know where he went, where he is. † She spread the length of a kimona on the water for a last rinsing. The flesh hanging from her skinny arms was loose and flabby. â€Å"If he’s still living,† she went on, â€Å"he’d be as old as your father maybe. Many times I feel in my bones he is alive, and will come back before I die. † â€Å"Your husband is still living? † He died a long time ago, when my boy was eleven. † She twisted the kimona like a rope to wring out the water. â€Å"I’m glad he died early. He was very cruel. † I looked at her, at the thin mouth, wondering about her husband’s cruelty, disturbed by the manner she spoke about it. â€Å"Do you have other children? † â€Å"I wish I had. Then I wouldn’t be living alone. † A woman her age, I thought, should be a grandmother and live among many children. â€Å"Where do you live? † She did not speak, but her strange young eyes were probing and looked grotesque in the old woman’s face. Not far from here–the house on the high bank, across the balete. † She must have seen the fright that suddenly leaped into my face, for I thought she smiled at me queerly. â€Å"I’m going now,† I said. I felt her following me with her eyes; indeed they seemed to bore a hot hole between my shoulder blades. I did not look back. Don’t run, I told myself. But at the first bend of the creek, when I knew she couldn’t see me, I ran. After a while I stopped, feeling a little foolish. Such a helpless-looking little old woman couldn’t be Minggay, couldn’t be the witch. I remembered her kind voice and the woodfragrance. She could be my own grandmother. As I walked the string of shrimps kept brushing against the side of my leg. I detached it from my belt and looked at the shrimps. Except for the three small ones, all of them belonged to the old woman. Her coconut shreds had coaxed them as by magic out of their hiding. The protruding eyes of the biggest, which was still alive, seemed to glare at me—and then they became the eyes of the witch. Angrily, I hurled the shrimps back into the creek. How to cite The Witch by Edilberto K. Tiempo, Essay examples

Quantitative A Qualitative Characteristics -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Quantitative A Qualitative Characteristics? Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to engage in reflective practice using range of diagnostic tools. In this report I would like to demonstrate advance knowledge in written communication and reflect on good practices in workplace communication. I would evaluate my own communication style using 4 diagnostic tools related to communication including, Nonverbal Immediacy Scale-self report (NIS-S), Talkaholic scale, Tolerance for disagreement, and Willingness to Listen Measure. The outcome of the report is to improve communication competencies by developing appropriate communication behaviours using realistic action plan. Diagnosis and reflection Nonverbal Immediacy Scale-self report (NIS-S) NIS-S is an instrument to measure the self reported non verbal immediacy. This skill is required to describe the personal feelings towards another person. This is the most up to date instrument for measuring immediacy of an individual in relation to the communication. It was developed by Albert Mehrabian in the 1970s. The rationale for choosing this instrument is its higher face validity than other instruments. It has excellent predictive validity. In this scale the self reports between male and females differ and is statistically significant. The difference in scores is the due to different manner of expressing the non-verbal immediacy The instrument comes with set of questions that are behaviours such as I use my hands and arms to gesture while talking to people. Each behaviour comes with set of options on five point scale, where Option 1- Never, 2- rarely, 3-Ocassionally, 4-Often, 5- very often. Most appropriate rate is given for each behaviour exhibited and the overall score is c alculated. There are 26 questions and the final score is calculated by adding the total score with step 1 and subtracting the step score from it. For males the high score is greater than 104 and low score is less than 83 (Richmond et al., 2003). I have evaluated my nonverbal immediacy skills using this instrument. My score was 77 which indicate poor non-verbal skills. This instrument has assisted me in learning that it is my weakness in failing to express my positive feelings towards others. On several occasions I have experienced that it was difficult for me to solve problems using hand on reasoning. This skill is an important part of interpersonal communication, instructional communication and organisational communication. For instance, folded arms may signify resistance to business ideas or eye contact may evoke interest. Therefore, I must overcome my incompetence in non verbal communication skills. Talkaholic scale This scale is a measure of compulsive communication. An individual who speaks excessively and is difficult for him or her to stay quiet is called talkaholic. This kind of behaviour is known to be ineffective communication unless the speaker utters useful and sensible information. It will affect business process as subordinates will restrict themselves in sharing ideas or lead to customer dissatisfaction. They can be effective leaders, if the communication is productive. I have chosen this scale to evaluate my skills as competent communicator. The scale comes with the set of 16 questions and each may be applicable for the user to some degree (McCroskey Richmond, 1995). The questions are like, Often do I keep quiet when I should talk. Various responses for the questionnaire includes 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = Neutral, 4= agree, 5 = strongly agree. For this scale, the score should be between 10-50. People scoring between 30-39 are referred as borderline talkholics. Indivi duals falling in this range can control talking for most of the time. However, they may fail to be quiet even it is advantageous for them. Those scoring above 40 are talkaholics. Such people are dominating and fail to accomplish corporate dealings. This instrument is reliable with strong face validity (McCroskey Richmond, 1993). I have evaluated myself using this scale and the score is 28. It means I am not compulsive communicator. This score indicates that I do not have the tendency to over communicate in a consistent manner. It may be regarded that I am competent in communication and may be inhibited by others. It can be related to my experience where I found a conflicting situation arising among my high school friends. I was quiet as my involvement would have only exaggerated others irritation. Tolerance for disagreement This instrument is used to measure the ability of an individual to communicate with others despite high chances of disagreement. It is the skill where an individual engages with other having different perspective and opinion. Such people support others rights to express their ideas and positively support the debate and prevent traumatic ordeal. It will have positive impact on the employee satisfaction. It will lead to stronger relationship with clients. Having this skill is essential for people in managerial position to express ideas and mange the seniors responses towards organisational change. The instrument comes with set of 15 questions that describe the individuals feelings and orientations. It involves items like, Disagreements are generally helpful. The reaction to the each item is rated as per five pint Likert scale. 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = Undecided, 4= agree, 5 = strongly agree. As score above 46 indicates high TFD and below 32 indicates low and between 32- 46, indicates moderate TFD (Teven et al., 1998). I have used this instrument to determine my tolerance to disagreement skills. My score is 45 that indicate moderate TFD. It means that people with moderate TFD can hide from ideas sometimes. I do not become emotional, when others present ideas that is contradictory to mine. The score highlights my moderately argumentative nature that can help me deal with the disagreement during a conflict situation. I can be an effective leader and the scores relates to my experiences during team projects. My presentation proposals were rejected at times. I dealt with it positively. I was successful in convincing my team mates with the modified version that had no loopholes. Willingness to Listen Measure This scale measures the ability of an individual to focus on listening. Listening is a vital communication skill. Some are active listeners while others claim poor listening due to ineffective communication by the speaker. Willingness to Listen Scale measures this kind of orientation. High listening skills are appreciated in business setting. It is the strength of leaders as they relate with the clients using listening skills. It aids in gaining profit from the opportunities of a global economy. This instrument contains 24 items and must be rated using the five point Likert scale, 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = Undecided, 4= agree, 5 = strongly agree. The questions include, I dislike listening to boring speakers and similar others. A score above 89 and below 59 indicates a high and low willingness to listen respectively. My score using this diagnostic is 72 that indicate moderate listening skills. I am not near to high 89 which is indicates active listening skills. I have high scope of developing this communication skill. I must improve the competence in this category as it can increase my potential to gain high distinction. I do quit listening when the lectures are boring. During problematic situations, I can better solve others issue, if I have strong grasp of their experiences. I need to develop ability to listen to the speaker even when occupied with other things on my mind. Two communication issues Based on the evaluation of personal communication skills, I have identified two communication issues that I must overcome, to excel in professional life. the two communication issues are Low non verbal immediacy Moderate willingness to listen Reflection Having identified the two communication issues from the diagnosis I would like to reflect on the interactions from past 12 months. It was 10:30 pm and I was ready to sleep. I received a call and it was my friend. I was worried, if there was any emergency. However, it turned to be casual conversation. I mentioned politely, not to contact me so late at night. I found my friend never contacted me after that day. On asking, he said that I was rude and that my tone was strict enough that he resisted himself contacting me any further. I was taken back. I realised that I have not uttered anything offensive but the pitch of voice, speed, and tone did not match my words. Upon further reflection, I have found that I occasionally look directly at people, which may indicate that I am not interested in conversation. Also I am rarely animated when talking to people. I do occasionally sit or stand close to people during interaction. On realising this I immediately apologised my friend. Not able to express my true intentions is one of my drawbacks. In addition, I fail to listen actively when the content is boring. I am bored and tired when listening to boring speaker. I had scored low in some of the management subjects as not all the topics evoked interest. Therefore, my willingness to listen was low to moderate in few lecture classes. It affected my grades as I could not prepare high distinction assignment. If only I could listen the lectures actively, even when the content was not interesting, preparing the assignments would have been easier. Later I wasted more time in taking guidance from friends in accomplishing those assignments. In other incident, I was supposed to prepare a presentation on research proposal during graduation. It was not upto market as per my classmates. I did not consider all the flaws that were mentioned by them. The same errors were also highlighted by my tutor. I realised about my moderate willingness to listen and low non verbal immediacy that was also evident from the assessment of the communication skills. Literature review A bulk of literature is available on importance of the non verbal cues in business setting. Non verbal actions such as gesture and voice tone can significantly affect the conversation. For instance, tapping the table can make a person angry. A manager at workplace may not pay attention to his non-verbal behaviours, but can control his speech. It may affect the performance of the employees. A managers attitude is conveyed by his non verbal messages, which may positively or negatively impact the employees. Irrespective of the occupation, in certain cases like sales person, doctor, and lawyer; journalists are required to communicate on a regular basis. Conveying the positive facial expressions and attitude may increase the staff morale and job satisfaction. Negative attitude depicted by inappropriate non verbal cues may affect employees emotions, attitudes and lower the morale. Non verbal skills are also known by many names including, interpersonal sensitivity, emotional intelligence, i nferential accuracy, nonverbal sensitivity, social skills, and competence. There are various functions played by the non verbal skills. It helps makes good impression on others, reach variety of interpersonal goals, development of new relationships, relationship management and detecting other malicious intentions (Burgoon et al., 2011). Non verbal skills affect the social life. Empirical studies conducted on depression and emotional disorder was found to be associated with lack of social support. Active-empathic listening is also a general social skill as evident from the bivariate and canonical correlations (Gearhart Bodie, 2011). In similar study it was mentioned that it makes more sense to focus on the nonverbal and social skills instead of focusing on the personality traits such as empathy, extraversion, and nurturance. It is because the former better helps in connecting with the people emotionally and socially. Therefore, non verbal immediacy can be developed by cultivating the emotional and social competences (Riggio, 2010). Jones Hansen (2015) studied the impact of the mindfulness on supportive communication skills. The article focused on the supportive communications which gives messages of encouragement and empathy. These emotions are indicators of how well an individual can deal with the emotions and aversive situations. The author of the article has put forward and one possible method to link the non verbal and verbal cues that conveyed the emotional support. This mechanism is called mindfulness which means having heightened awareness of current internal and external stimuli. Three exploratory studies were conducted to evaluate the theoretical model of mindfulness supportive communication. Mindfulness increases the communicative coping skills, social skills, and reappraisals. This mechanism appears to be affective in my situation. I can engage in mindfulness based activities to increase the non-verbal communication skills. It can be concluded from the above discussion that there is a need of more r esearch in the field of enhancing the non-verbal skills. A bulk of literature is available on techniques to increase the verbal communication skills than the non verbal ones. Uhls et al. (2014) conducted a field experiment to examine the improvement in the non-verbal skills through face-to face interaction. In this experiment preteen were chosen and eliminated the use of communication tool such as mobile phones and screen-based media. The results showed improvement in the nonverbal emotion cue recognition in experiment group when compared to the control group. The preteens were kept for five days in overnight nature camps. The control group retained the usual media practices. The control group were allowed to use computers, television and mobile phones. The participants were to infer the emotional states from the video tapes (verbal cues removed) and photographs for recognising the facial expressions. The result implies people to engage in similar activities to enhance non verbal immediacy. These results appear to be effective option for my situation. The author had not mentioned of any theory or model existing behind the experiment conducted. According to Jahromi et al. (2016), poor listening skills are the cause of medical error in most hospitals. Willingness to listen does not occur during hurried communications. There are strategies to build effective listening skills that include both verbal and non verbal items. It includes maintaining openness in communication, never interrupt speaker, pay attention, appropriate body movement and posture, eye contact during conversation, and stay relaxed. The listener must pay attention to each word of the speaker and relate to the persons emotions. Hospital mangers were found worst in avoiding interruptions. This skill is required for managers to demonstrate that the customers and employees are important to them. Active listening skills are vital part of effective communication process especially in business. Active listening is the most effective listening skills. According to National Institute of Health and Safety, active listening is beneficial in reducing stress and change interpersonal relationships positively (Jahromi et al., 2016). As per McCroskey (2015), listening is considered more valuable than speaking. Lacking this skill is considered a major communication issue in contemporary organisation. Alberts et al. (2015), highlighted the importance of the listening skills from the survey involving 106 managers. As per the findings poor training and development activities had led to poor productivity. In similar study by Shantz et al. (2013), a positive correlation between listening skills and success at work was found. The study highlighted general intelligence strongly associated with interpretive listening. It is due to the dysfunction communication climate, that employees are demotiv ated and do not demonstrate high willingness to listen (Funder, 2015). It can be concluded that it is important to acknowledge the role of listening. Bond (2012) suggested listening skills assignments in classroom for enhancing the listening power. This aspect is completely omitted in the classroom. In this setting there are various barriers that affect the learning. It leads to undesired outcome for both the instructor and the students. These barriers can be eliminated by tailored listening skills assignments. Assignments like listening followed by writing the content of the speech are effective in positive students learning outcomes. It also fosters the critical thinking. The study implies use of such interventions to increase willingness to listen. Learning the listening skills through internet is another interesting option that was developed by Nah, White Sussex (2008). Students can access internet using mobile phone for learning English language. As per the experiments conducted in this study the use of wireless application protocol or WAP sites for learning listening skills, is affective. A group of students in Korea who enrolled themselves for intermediate English as a Foreign LanguageListening course was recruited and the instrument for the experiment was WAP site. The results showed positive attitude from the learners in developing the listening skills. It fostered student centred and collaborative learning. This tool was affective in increasing the opportunities to learn the language skills. An active participation was observed from the learners. However, the drawback of the study is greater emphasis on learning skills than listening skills. English listening comprehension can be enhanced using video captions through hand held devices. Hsu et al. (2013) investigated the ability to listen and learn English by watching different display modes of video captions. It includes full captions, non captions and target word modes. Students language acquisition and vocabulary was evaluated on a weekly basis. Students in non-caption group outperformed that full caption and control group. There was a remarkable progress in listening comprehension using this technique. It can be concluded from the study that irrespective of learning language, one can simply use this technique to increase the willingness to listen. It is highly applicable in my situation to increase active listening skills sing online videos and learn what is being depicted without captions. There are different micro skills to enhance listening power during, conversation identified by Richards 1983. These are ability to distinguish the different sounds and target language, process speech at different rates, recognise reduced forms of words, and identify the words in stressed and unstressed positions, ability to make use of facial expressions and other clues to work out meanings and many more. There are also micro skills for listening to lectures. It includes identifying the purpose and scope of lecture, identifying topic of lecture and relationships among units within discourse, recognise markers from cohesion, knowledge from classroom conventions and deduce words from context. These skills act as guide for planning the objectives of instruction (Sabet Mahsefat, 2012). Rezaei Hashim (2013) studied the impact of listening micro skills on listening comprehension enhancement in EFL classes. In the experiment conducted by the researchers, a significant difference in improv ement was found using these micro skills between the learners in the experiment and the control group. The experiment group showed listening comprehension enhancement. However, the drawback of the study was use of only five micro skills of all mentioned by the Richardss article. Action plan Objectives Resources/Strategies Rationale Evidence of achievement Timeframe Criteria for evaluation Improve non-verbal communication skills 1. Watch online videos to learn non verbal expressions such as tone of voice and expressions. Watch interviews of businessman to learn the emotional management techniques 2.Engage in group discussions such as community programs to face audience 3.Management of stress- yoga and meditation 4.Increase emotional awareness- Online videos better help learn the correct body language, facial expressions use of physical space and proper handshake. Engaging in group discussions will increase chances to overcome negative expressions and rectify the same. Stress leads to putting off non verbal signals (Shantz et al., 2013). Having emotional awareness prevents being overwhelmed by stress and negative attitude (Erozkan, 2013) 1.Ability to send non verbal signal that match the words 2.Have accurate eye contact, positive tone of voice, proper use of physical space, 3. Proper timing of non verbal responses 4. Able to communicate feelings successfully without nay miscommunication 5. Posture relaxed and positive body language when speaking in public 6 months Collect feedback from peers, mentors and family on improvement in the non verbal skills- every week Evaluation would be based on intensity of the eye contact, expressiveness on face, if the tone of voice is strained or blocked, posture was relaxed or not, timing of non verbal responses, if the sound of voice demonstrate care or anger- Every two weeks Evaluate the improvement through online tests or NIS-S- every month Increase willingness to listen 1.Watch and listen online video clips and answer the set of questions 2. Engage in group discussions and debate sessions to be open mind 3.Active listening exercise- listen and contribute towards the main issue in team meeting 4. Enrolment in soft skills classes of six months duration 5. Regularly visit the business parties with my parents to learn the listening traits and attend seminars Watching and answering the online questions will increase vocabulary and concentration as one focuses on the words. Group discussions and active listening exercises are effective in improving the focus on words and other peoples ideas. Debates are excellent way to open up to others opinions and respect the differences (Baines et al., 2016) Team meetings have an agenda that demand contribution from all the members. It implies one to have high willingness to listen. This exercise forces one to stay focussed throughout activity (Bens, 2017). Training helps fast learning (Omer Abdularhim, 2017) According to social learning theory direct observation helps in quick learning (Funder, 2015) Seminars take place in long hours that will increase patience Smiling often when listening, asking questions in middle of the conversation indicates high willingness to listen Other signs of development of this skills is having high curiosity and open mindedness Demonstrating listening for long time without interruptions 6 months Evaluation includes taking online examination such as willingness to listen scale every one month. Taking and giving feedback every week, is powerful exercise- It helps overcomes drawbacks in listening skill of a person. Self evaluation every two weeks-from percentage of right answers obtained from online video examinations Keep the track of scores obtained in every training class Conclusion I feel satisfied on accomplishing this assignment, as it has provided an opportunity to engage in reflective practice using different communication diagnosis tools. It helped me identify two of the communication issues and design an action plan based on the existing literature. I am confident to overcome my drawbacks by executing the plan of action. In future I expect to demonstrate high non verbal immediacy and high willingness to listen References Alberts, J. K., Nakayama, T. K., Martin, J. N. (2015).Human communication in society. Pearson. Baines, E., Blatchford, P., Kutnick, P. (2016).Promoting effective group work in the primary classroom: A handbook for teachers and practitioners. Routledge. Bens, I. (2017).Facilitating with Ease!: core skills for facilitators, team leaders and members, managers, consultants, and trainers. John Wiley Sons. Bond, C. D. (2012). An overview of best practices to teach listening skills.International Journal of Listening,26(2), 61-63. Burgoon, J. K., Guerrero, L. K., Manusov, V. (2011). Nonverbal signals.The SAGE handbook of interpersonal communication. London: SAGE. Erozkan, A. (2013). The Effect of Communication Skills and Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills on Social Self-Efficacy.Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice,13(2), 739-745. Funder, D. C. (2015).The Personality Puzzle: Seventh International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Gearhart, C. C., Bodie, G. D. (2011). Active-empathic listening as a general social skill: Evidence from bivariate and canonical correlations.Communication Reports,24(2), 86-98. Hsu, C. K., Hwang, G. J., Chang, Y. T., Chang, C. K. (2013). Effects of video caption modes on English listening comprehension and vocabulary acquisition using handheld devices.Journal of Educational Technology Society,16(1), 403. Jahromi, V. K., Tabatabaee, S. S., Abdar, Z. E., Rajabi, M. (2016). Active listening: The key of successful communication in hospital managers.Electronic physician,8(3), 2123. Jones, S. M., Hansen, W. (2015). The impact of mindfulness on supportive communication skills: Three exploratory studies.Mindfulness,6(5), 1115-1128. McCroskey, J. C. (2015).Introduction to rhetorical communication. Routledge. McCroskey, J. C., Richmond, V. P. (1993). Identifying compulsive communicators: The talkaholic scale.Communication Research Reports,10(2), 107-114. McCroskey, J. C., Richmond, V. P. (1995). Correlates of compulsive communication: Quantitative and qualitative characteristics.Communication Quarterly,43(1), 39-52. Nah, K. C., White, P., Sussex, R. (2008). The potential of using a mobile phone to access the Internet for learning EFL listening skills within a Korean context.ReCALL,20(3), 331-347. Omer, A. A. A., Abdularhim, M. E. (2017). The criteria of constructive feedback: The feedback that counts.Journal of Health Specialties,5(1), 45. Rezaei, A., Hashim, F. (2013). Impact of Awareness Raising about Listening Micro-Skills on the Listening Comprehension Enhancement: An Exploration of the Listening Micro-Skills in EFL Classes.Australian Journal of Teacher Education,38(8), n8. Richmond, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., Johnson, A. D. (2003). Development of the nonverbal immediacy scale (NIS): Measures of self?and other?perceived nonverbal immediacy.Communication Quarterly,51(4), 504-517. Riggio, R. E. (2010). Before emotional intelligence: Research on nonverbal, emotional, and social competences.Industrial and Organizational Psychology,3(2), 178-182. Sabet, M. K., Mahsefat, H. (2012). The impact of authentic listening materials on elementary EFL learners listening skills.International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature,1(4), 216-229. Shantz, A., Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. (2013). The role of employee engagement in the relationship between job design and task performance, citizenship and deviant behaviours.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(13), 2608-2627. Teven, J. J., McCroskey, J. C., Richmond, V. P. (1998). Measurement of tolerance for disagreement.Communication Research Reports,15(2), 209-217. Uhls, Y. T., Michikyan, M., Morris, J., Garcia, D., Small, G. W., Zgourou, E., Greenfield, P. M. (2014). Five days at outdoor education camp without screens improves preteen skills with nonverbal emotion cues.Computers in Human Behavior,39, 387-392.

Kaizen Costing free essay sample

The management thereafter tries to minimize this difference. i. For variable costs, the actual year’s production serves as a standard base for current production. ii. For fixed costs, its total budget is considered as a target which is lowered by a reduction rate. The actual performance is then compared with this budget and the favourable reductions are made. * The other objectives of Kaizen costing are: * Providing the customers with the best quality product possible at a minimum cost and thereby satisfying them. Making improvements as and when required at each stage of production and reducing the costs to the minimum. * Acknowledging the problems openly and creating an atmosphere of team work to solve them. * To eliminate the waste of time and raw materials, include the just in time strategy and induce the management to work effectively and efficiently. KAIzen costing at â€Å"Toyota motor company† : * During 1987-1991, demand for cars was overheated, which induced th e carmakers to diversify their car models. We will write a custom essay sample on Kaizen Costing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sales increased, but profits, however, did not increase as rapidly as sales. Furthermore this ‘bubble economy’ provoked crisis of labour force due to several reasons. At the same time, Toyota was engaged in revising its production management and human resources management in order to solve this labour crisis. * To face this labour crisis, Toyota’s union and management formed a Committee in which their representatives questioned the production efficiency management coupled with production allowance, the human resources management, the working conditions and the tough assembly line work. Toyota decided to radically modify its production system. And the way to increase the production efficiency was by reducing the number of workers by KAIZENING the production process for a given production volume under the constraints of â€Å"just-in-time† production. * For this, the management renounced its unilateral.